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The 54 spiecies of hornbills are found in tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and Melanesia. Their long, down-curved bill which is brightly colored and sometimes has a casque on the upper mandible.
Hornbills have a two-lobed kidney. They are the only birds in which the first and second neck vertebrae are fused together; this probably provides a more stable platform for carrying the bill. They feed on fruit and small animals. They nest in natural cavities in trees and sometimes cliffs. A number of species of hornbill are threatened with extinction.
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